【宏观与金融】段伊戈等:Beyond Lost Earnings: Job Displacement and the Cost of Commuting发布者:中国发展研究院 发布时间:2026-03-11标题:Beyond Lost Earnings: Job Displacement and the Cost of Commuting 作者:Yige Duan (上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院), Oskar Jost, Ramona Jost, Holger Seibert (德国就业研究所 Institute for Employment Research) 期刊:Journal of Public Economics 卷号:266 页码:105579 发表时间:2026年3月 作者简介: 段伊戈,不列颠哥伦比亚大学经济学博士,上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院助理教授。他的研究方向为劳动和城市经济学,成果发表于Management Science、Journal of Public Economics和American Economic Journal: Economic Policy等期刊,现主持国家自然科学基金青年(C类)项目。 摘要:We examine the impact of involuntary job displacement on workers’ commuting behavior and its implications for the overall welfare cost of job loss. Using geo-referenced employee-employer data from Germany (2000–2017), we track workers’ door-to-door commuting and relocation patterns between home and work. After displacement, workers commute 23.1% (3.38 kilometers) farther to new jobs, and the effect diminishes over time due to job changes rather than home relocation. The simultaneous wage and commuting effects suggest that wage differentials across jobs fail to compensate for commuting costs. An on-the-job search model with heterogeneous firm productivity and commuting distance rationalizes the findings, and structural estimates reveal that an average German worker’s commuting costs equal 20.2 euros per day. Hence, longer commutes exacerbate the total cost of job displacement by one-fifth of the wage losses. 中文摘要:我们考察了非自愿失业对劳动者通勤行为的影响,以及其对失业总体福利成本的作用。利用德国2000-2017年包含地理信息的员工-雇主匹配数据,我们追踪了劳动者在住所与工作地之间“门对门”的通勤及搬迁模式。研究发现,失业后劳动者前往新工作的通勤距离增加了23.1%(3.38公里),且这种效应随着时间推移而减弱,这主要是由于工作变动而非家庭搬迁所致。 失业后同时存在的工资与通勤效应表明,不同工作之间的工资差异并未弥补通勤成本的差异。我们通过一个包含异质性企业生产率和通勤距离的在职工作搜索-匹配模型,合理解释了这些发现。结构估计结果显示,一名德国劳动者的通勤成本平均为每天20.2欧元。因此,更长的通勤距离使失业的总成本加剧,其增加的幅度相当于工资损失的五分之一。 |